Leopard Gecko Care Sheet and First-Time Owners Guide

The Leopard Gecko is a beautifully unique reptile that is famous for its striking leopard-like appearance and its large fat-storage tail. Geckos are cute, docile, and friendly little lizards with many interesting behaviors and endearing vocalizations. Leopard geckos quickly adjust to being handled and are easy-to-care for any first-time owner!

Scientifically known as Eublepharis macularius, leopard geckos have the unique ability to rattle their tail when threatened, mating, or during hunting. However, there is much more to know about leopard geckos if you are considering owning one. In this care sheet and guide, we will explore everything you need to know about providing the best care for these fascinating creatures.

Leopard Gecko Facts

Before delving into the care requirements, let’s start by getting acquainted with some basic facts about leopard geckos:

Common Names: Panther, Desert Fat-Tailed, and Spotted Fat-Tailed Geckos

Scientific Name: Eublepharis macularius

Price: $50-$400

Size: 6.5 – 10 inches (males are larger)

Weight: 40 – 100 grams (males are larger)

Lifespan: 15 – 20 years

Diet: Crickets, Mealworms, Waxworms, Locusts, and Pinkie mice

Tank Size: Minimum 10-gallon

Humidity & Temperature: Temperature: 70 – 85°F, Humidity: 30 – 40%

Popular Alternatives: African fat-tailed Gecko or Gargoyle Gecko

What is a Leopard Gecko?

Leopard geckos, scientifically known as Eublepharis macularius, are lizards native to the semi-dry to arid deserts and forest edges of Northwest India through to Pakistan, Iran, Iraq, and Afghanistan. They typically inhabit the rocks of their desert scrub habitats.

Leopard geckos have struck the hearts of many with their unique appearance, and are known by several different common names, including Panther geckos, Desert fat-tailed geckos, Spotted fat-tailed geckos, and Fat-tailed geckos. These shy lizards have fantastic predator-evading abilities and are camouflaged with their leopard print in the dry-desert rocks or tall grasslands.

One of the most notable characteristics of leopard geckos is their ability to store fat in their tails. This fat enables them to remain hidden for extended periods and sustain themselves until the threat they are facing is removed. Leopard geckos also shed more frequently than most reptiles, shedding their skin as they grow.

Housing

When it comes to housing a leopard gecko, a minimum tank size of 10 gallons is recommended. However, it is best to provide a larger tank to allow for more freedom of movement. A 20-gallon tank is suitable for a single leopard gecko, while a 30-gallon tank can house multiple geckos.

The tank should be securely covered to prevent escapes, as leopard geckos are skillful climbers. A screen lid or a mesh cover with small enough gaps can be used to ensure proper ventilation while keeping the gecko safe.

Substrate

Choosing the right substrate is crucial to maintain a clean and healthy environment for your leopard gecko. Avoid using loose substrates like sand or calcium sand, as they can pose a risk of ingestion and impact the gecko’s digestive system. Here are some safe substrate options:

1. Paper Towels or Newspaper: This is the most basic and cost-effective option. It is easy to clean and does not pose a risk of ingestion.
2. Reptile Carpet: This carpet provides a textured surface that allows the gecko to grip while preventing the risk of substrate ingestion.
3. Ceramic Tile or Slate: These materials are easy to clean and ensure the gecko’s safety while providing a naturalistic look.
4. Linoleum or Vinyl Tiles: These are smooth surfaces that are easy to clean and maintain.

Temperature and Lighting

Leopard geckos are ectothermic, which means they rely on external heat sources to regulate their body temperature. Providing a suitable temperature gradient in their enclosure is essential for their health and well-being.

1. Warm Side: Maintain a temperature range of 88-90°F on the warm side of the tank using an under-tank heating pad or a heat emitter.
2. Cool Side: The cool side of the tank should be around 75-80°F. This can be achieved by keeping the heating pad only on one side of the tank.
3. Night Temperature: Leopard geckos prefer slightly cooler temperatures at night, between 70-75°F.

It is important to provide a temperature gradient in the tank, allowing the gecko to move between warmer and cooler areas as desired. The best way to monitor the temperature is by using a digital thermometer with probes placed directly on the substrate to get an accurate reading.

Leopard geckos also require a natural light-dark cycle. Providing a light source for 10-12 hours during the day and turning it off at night will mimic their natural environment.

Humidity

Leopard geckos are native to a dry environment, so maintaining low humidity levels in their tank is crucial. Keeping the humidity between 30-40% will prevent respiratory infections and other health issues. Here are some tips to maintain proper humidity levels:

1. Avoid misting the tank, as leopard geckos do not need high humidity levels.

2. Use an accurate hygrometer to monitor humidity levels in the tank.

3. Provide a water dish to keep the humidity slightly elevated, but ensure it doesn’t raise the overall humidity level.

It is important to note that leopard geckos obtain their water requirements from licking water droplets off various surfaces, so a water dish should always be available to them.

Feeding

Leopard geckos are insectivorous, which means their diet consists mainly of insects. The primary food sources for leopard geckos include crickets, mealworms, waxworms, locusts, and pinkie mice (for mature adults). Here are some feeding guidelines:

1. Feed young leopard geckos daily, offering an appropriate sized meal. As they grow, you can reduce feeding to every other day.
2. Provide a variety of insects to ensure a balanced diet. Gut-load the insects with nutritious food before feeding them to your gecko.
3. Dust the insects with a calcium and vitamin D3 supplement to prevent nutritional deficiencies.
4. Remove any uneaten insects within 24 hours to avoid contamination and potential health issues.

Water

Leopard geckos obtain their water needs from licking water droplets off different surfaces. However, it is essential to provide a shallow water dish in their tank to ensure they have constant access to clean water. The dish should be cleaned and refilled daily to maintain hygiene.

Handling and Temperament

Leopard geckos are generally docile and can become accustomed to handling. When picking up your gecko, be gentle and avoid grabbing their tail, as it may detach, leading to stress and potential health issues. It is best to scoop them up from below and support their entire body.

Remember, every leopard gecko has its own personality, and some may take longer to adapt to handling. Take your time and let them adjust at their own pace. Avoid sudden movements or loud noises that may startle them.

Health and Common Issues

To ensure the well-being of your leopard gecko, it is crucial to monitor their overall health and watch for any signs of illness. Here are some common health issues to be aware of:

1. Metabolic Bone Disease (MBD): MBD occurs due to calcium and vitamin D3 deficiencies, leading to weak bones, muscle tremors, and other symptoms. Providing a calcium and vitamin D3 supplement and proper UVB lighting can help prevent MBD.
2. Respiratory Infections: High humidity levels or improper temperature gradients can lead to respiratory infections in leopard geckos. Ensure the tank is well-ventilated and maintain proper humidity levels.
3. Parasites: Internal and external parasites can affect leopard geckos. Regularly monitor your gecko for signs of parasites, such as unusual droppings, weight loss, or abnormal behavior. Consult a reptile veterinarian if you suspect a parasite infestation.

It is important to find a reptile veterinarian who specializes in leopard geckos or reptiles in general. Regular health check-ups and consultations with a veterinarian are vital to catch any potential health issues early on.

In conclusion, leopard geckos are fascinating reptiles that make great pets, especially for first-time owners. With proper care and attention to their specific needs, these unique creatures can thrive in your home. Remember to provide a suitable habitat, proper temperatures, a balanced diet, and regular health check-ups to ensure a happy and healthy leopard gecko.

Disclaimer: This care sheet is meant to provide general information about leopard gecko care. However, every gecko is unique, and individual needs may vary. Always consult a reptile veterinarian or experienced reptile keeper for personalized advice and care instructions.